resort collective countermeasures in wto

Lender of Last Resort :

It has become commonplace in the current crisis to refer to the Federal Reserve as the economy’s lender of last resort (LLR). Typical is the observation of Glenn Hubbard, Hal Scott, and John Thornton (2009) that “Over many decades and especially in this financial crisis, the Fed has used its balance sheet to be a classical lender of last resort.” With all due respect to these authors and numero...

Redesigning the WTO

Redesigning the WTO for the 21 Century November 9, 2009 The Program in International Finance and Economic Policy (IFEP) at the School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA), in conjunction with Columbia University’s Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Study Center, presented a panel discussion about the present and future of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Debra Steger, Professo...

WTO Membership and Corruption

Despite widespread belief that membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) improves the quality of governance, there is no convincing empirical evidence. Here, we investigate whether WTO membership has a causal effect on firm-level reports of political corruption using a nonparametric partial identification approach to bound the average treatment effect (ATE). We also analyze conditional A...

BROKEN PROMISES: TRADE, AGRICULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE WTO Trade, Agriculture and Development in the WTO

The WTO, Looking Ahead

In this Essay, I would like to focus simply on some key points which I believe are central to the WTO’s present, and also to its future. This Essay begins by discussing the importance of the rule of law to the WTOs work. Part II talks about changes that have come with an expanding membership. Part III concludes with a review of recent events and an optimistic outlook for the WTO.

Hazaribagh: A Popular Health Resort

on the topmost central plateau of the district in the midst of a group of conical hills," which with the gentle undulation of the soil adds to the picturesqueness of the scene. It has an elevation of abcut 2,000ft. above the sea-level, and is situated in 23? 59 min. north latitude and 85 ?27 min. east longitude. Originally a military cantonment station, the town is well-laid-out with broad road...